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Muskogee is the county seat of Muskogee County in eastern Oklahoma, about 50 miles southeast of Tulsa, near the confluence of the Arkansas, Verdigris and Grand rivers — a meeting long known locally as the "Three Rivers."

Muskogee began in January 1872 as a station on the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway and was the only depot the Muscogee (Creek) Nation allowed in its territory; the city takes its name from that nation.

Muskogee incorporated on March 19, 1898, and boomed from 4,254 people in 1900 to 25,278 in 1910 as railroads and land-rush development poured in.

In 1874 the federal Indian agencies for the Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek, Chickasaw and Seminole tribes were consolidated into the Union Agency at Muskogee; its stone building on Agency Hill in Honor Heights Park now houses the Five Civilized Tribes Museum.

In 1905 the Five Tribes met in Muskogee to draft a constitution for a proposed Native American-controlled State of Sequoyah, with Muskogee as its planned capital; Congress never authorized it, and Oklahoma became the 46th state in 1907 instead.

Muskogee had 36,878 residents in the 2020 census, making it the 13th-largest city in Oklahoma.

Muskogee had 14,956 households in the 2020 census, with about 54% of homes owner-occupied.

Bacone College in Muskogee was founded in 1880 as Indian University and was Oklahoma's oldest continuously operated college until it closed in 2025; its historic district is on the National Register of Historic Places.

Muskogee's Henry Kendall College conferred the first postsecondary degree in Oklahoma on June 23, 1898.

The Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame, which has honored Oklahoma musicians since 1997, is headquartered in Muskogee — the city Merle Haggard made famous in his 1969 country anthem "Okie from Muskogee."