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Pulaski is an incorporated town and the county seat of Pulaski County in Virginia's New River Valley.

The town began as Martin's Tank, a railroad stop established in 1856 when the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad arrived and the Martin family donated land for a station and water tank.

Pulaski was incorporated as a town in 1886, and both the town and county are named for Count Casimir Pulaski, the Polish hero of the American Revolution who was killed at the Siege of Savannah in 1779.

Pulaski County itself was formed in 1839 from parts of Wythe and Montgomery counties, and the county seat was moved to Pulaski from Newbern in 1894.

The 2020 census counted 8,985 residents in Pulaski, slightly down from 9,086 in 2010, and Census QuickFacts counts 3,741 households in its 2020–2024 survey figures.

Pulaski is part of the Blacksburg–Christiansburg metropolitan area despite its New River Valley setting north of the New River, along Peak Creek between Draper Mountain and Chestnut Mountain.

Calfee Park, the town's ballpark tucked into a natural amphitheater on the flank of Draper Mountain, was built with Works Progress Administration funding and dedicated in October 1935 to Mayor Ernest W. Calfee; it is best remembered as the longtime Appalachian League home of the Pulaski Counts.

The Pulaski Historic Commercial District, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986, preserves the railroad-era downtown along Main Street.

The Calfee Training School, built in 1894 as the Pulaski Graded School to serve Black students, became part of an equal-pay fight in which teacher Chauncey Harmon worked with NAACP attorney Thurgood Marshall before the building burned in 1938.